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Abstract

This paper explores a line process in the purification of water; flocculation and sedimentation, to determine particles size distribution (PSD) and the impact on water turbidity, albeit water quality of a typical urban River, Ureje, in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Samples were collected on temporal-spatial scale along the river course and within 100 meter radius of the river bank and subjected to a range of laboratory analyses. Results were obtained at regular intervals through turbidity analyses prelude on sedimentation and particle counter operation. Particle counting provides a sensitive path to better understanding of the particle size and its impact on water quality characterization but the process was stepped down for equipment reasons. It was observed that particles quantity and quality increases linearly with increasing turbidity within the range of 0 – 40 NTU. Conversely, beyond the 40 NTU, the particle amount was significantly indifferent with negative correlation with turbidity. This result suggests that particle sizes impacts differently on the turbidity, hence quality of water. Average water sample pH was 6.7 and appearance was mainly colloidal with musty colour. Total suspended solids ranged between 4 and 25 mg/L with an average value of 10.25 mg/L. Total solid values ranged between 20 and 850 mg/L with an average value of 421.25 mg/L little lower than the WHO recommended value of 500 mg/L. Turbidity value ranged between 2 and 5 NTU with a mean value of 12 which is within the recommended value 5-15 NTU. E. Conductivity ranged between 2000 and 2900 ʋS/cm. The conclusion is that those particles larger than 5 μm are more responsible for turbidity. However, not all the particles can be detected by turbidity measurement as some are quite minute, below the spectrum radar of the measuring device. Such these particles show a weak correlation with turbidity and should form the centre of focus in water treatment processes because of the health risk that are inherent in it.

References

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