JETI Admin2
Abstract
As global challenges of water scarcity and food insecurity intensify, efficient and sustainable irrigation water management emerges as a critical area of focus. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) projects need to increase food production by 70% by 2050 to feed the growing global population, which would place unprecedented pressure on water resources. This paper examines the pivotal role of mechanical engineers in advancing sustainable irrigation water management to ensure food security. As global population growth and climate change intensify pressure on water resources, effective irrigation practices become crucial for meeting future food demands. Traditional irrigation methods are often inefficient, leading to significant water waste. Mechanical engineers address these challenges by developing and optimizing precision irrigation technologies, such as drip and micro-sprinkler systems, and integrating renewable energy sources into irrigation infrastructure. This paper highlights key innovations, including solar-powered irrigation systems (SPIS), hybrid energy systems, and automation in irrigation. It also presents case studies from Nigeria, demonstrating the successful implementation of these technologies and their impact on agricultural productivity and food security. The discussion extends to the challenges faced in adopting these technologies and proposes future directions for improving irrigation systems. Mechanical engineers' contributions are essential in creating efficient, reliable, and sustainable irrigation solutions that address the dual challenges of water scarcity and food security.
References
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